Geography, Resources, Climate, Culture
Shangla District at a Glance:
Shangla is relatively a newly
created district. It was earlier part of swat district. In 1995, it was
upgraded to the status of a district. Shangla hill (Shangla Top) which
separates the district from swat, is the only way of communication between the
two districts. Shangla district consist of small valleys, is situated between
the hillocks and surrounded by high mountains full of forests. The district being
situated on much height above sea level has thick forests comprising of fir, spruce,
kail, Blue pine, Chir and deodar trees. These forests are a great source of
income of the district.
Location:
The district lies from 34-31/ to
33-08 North latitude and 72-33/ to 73-01/ East longitude.
Boundaries:
The
district is bounded on the east by district Batagram and Tribal Area of Kala
Dhaka along which the river Indus flows for
about 75 Km, on the west by district swat, on the south area by district Buneer
and Tribal area of Kala Dhaka and on the North by district Kohistan.
Topography:
The topography of Shangla
district is dominated by high mountains and narrow valleys. These mountains are
the western extremities of the great Himalaya
range. The general elevation of the district is 2000 to 3000 meters above sea
level.
Flora:
A number of medicinal plants of
economic importance are found in the area. Some of these are tarkha, Unab,
Banafsha, Mushkibala, White rose, mint etc.
Fauna:
The area has variety of funa like
Markhur, Brown Bear, Leopard, Snow Leopard, wolf, Monkeys, Pigeon, Dove,
Chakor, and Snakes etc.
Races and Tribes:
Most
of the inhabitants are Afghani. The major tribes in the area are Afghan,
Gujar/Ajar, Syed, and Mian Etc.
Natural Resource:
Natural
recourses of the district are forest, minerals and medicinal herbs. Other
recourses of the district are tourism, small hydal power units, fish forming,
fruits and vegetables and furniture.
Climate:
In district Shangla
the winter season remain extremely cold in the upper half of the district while
in the lower half it remains moderate.
Occupations:
Majority of the
people are illiterate and are living by farming in their fields. Many locals
are farming as tenants on the land of others.
2. Administrative
set up:
1. Executive
2. Judiciary
3. Police
4. Revenue System.
3. Agriculture:
Most of the
local inhabitants are agriculture. The soil if fertile but the agriculture
holdings are very small as compared to the number of owner. The main crops
grown in the area are,
1.
Maize
2.
Wheat
3.
Rice
4.
Barley
5.
Vegetables (Lady Finger, Spinach, Bean, Tomato, Radish,
Turnips, etc)
6.
Desi Ghee and Honey.
Major Crops by their areas and production:
Crop
|
Area (in hectares)
|
Production (in tones)
|
||||
Kharif
|
Irrigated
|
Un- Irrigated
|
Total
|
Irrigated
|
Un- Irrigated
|
Total
|
Maize
|
1375
|
35598
|
36955
|
2068
|
35884
|
37952
|
Rice
|
1446
|
-
|
1446
|
3092
|
-
|
3092
|
Rabi
|
||||||
Wheat
|
1312
|
16455
|
17767
|
1580
|
15000
|
16580
|
Barley
|
62
|
373
|
435
|
70
|
313
|
383
|
Area under
Orchards:
Fruit orchard
|
Area (in Hectares
|
Production (in tones)
|
Apricot
|
18
|
180
|
Apple
|
40
|
222
|
Pear
|
15
|
260
|
Peaches
|
20
|
202
|
Plume
|
15
|
142
|
Walnut
|
90
|
905
|
Persimmon
|
20
|
180
|
Livestock:
Cows, buffalos and goats are the main sources
of milk production. The wool of Sheep is Consumed Locally in Manufacturing of
Blankets and other woolen Goods.
Irrigation:
Only 7599 Acres
(21%) area of the district is irrigated. There is no prominent canal in the
entire district however, the main sources of irrigation in the district area
small civil water courses derived from various streams (Khowars) and as such
water for irrigation is supplied through these small watercourses.
Forestry:
The area is
very rich in forestry. A total of 44407 hectares (33.3 %) of the total area is
forestland. All these forests are looked after by the forest department. The
forests are situated mainly between elevation 129 to 3048 meters, above sea
level (kail and silver fur zone). The lower limit come down to 762 meters (Chir
forest)
Land Utilization:
Land use pattern of Shangla district is
Land Utilization Status
|
Area (in Hectares)
|
Total reported area
|
137442
|
Cultivated area
|
41759 (30.5 %)
|
Net sown area
|
39986
|
Current fallow
|
1773
|
Un- Cultivated area
|
95683 (69.6 %)
|
44407 (32.3 %)
|
|
Waste Area
|
3860
|
Other (non-available for
cultivation)
|
47416 (34.5 %)
|
4. Roads:
in
communication sector district Shangla is linked with neighboring districts 27
kilometers mettaled roads, 195 kilometers non-mettaled roads and some foot
tracks, out of which 40 kilometers KKH also passes through the Eastern boundary
of the District however, through out the district roads are in pathetic
condition and need major repair.
Major details about roads are as under:
Road
|
Distance from headquarter
|
Condition of road
|
47 KM
|
90 % kacha
|
|
34 Km
|
100 % kacha
|
|
48 km
|
100% Kacha
|
|
60 Km
|
100 % Kacha
|
|
50 Km
|
90 % Kacha
|
|
5 Km
|
90 % Kacha
|
Telephone:
Digital Telephone exchange has
been installed recently which covers almost all the main areas of the district.
5. Education:
Literacy rate of the district is
very low; according to 1998 census it is 25 % male and 3.7% female. Details of
the educational institutions in district Shangla are as under.
S. #
|
Nature of School
|
Total No. of School in District
|
Enrolment
|
1
|
Govt. Higher Secondary School (Boys)
|
5
|
|
2
|
25
|
||
3
|
2
|
||
4
|
Govt. Middle Schools (Boys)
|
50
|
|
5
|
Govt. Middle Schools (Girls)
|
15
|
|
6
|
416
|
||
7
|
164
|
||
Total
|
677
|
||
Literacy Ratio:
Male: 52.2 %
Female: 3.7 %
Average: 14.7 %
Levels of Education:
Levels of Education
|
% Age
|
Below Primary
|
26.9 %
|
Primary Passed
|
29.2 %
|
Middle
|
16.3 %
|
Matriculate
|
17.2 %
|
Intermediate
|
5.9 %
|
Graduate
|
2.0 %
|
Post Graduate
|
1.1 %
|
Diploma/ Certificate Holder
|
0.1 %
|
6. Health:
The health facilities are limited
in the district therefore the people are compelled to down district i.e. swat
and Peshawar
for medical treatments. The district has the following medical facilities:
1.
One THQ Hospital which is now upgraded to DHQ Hospital
2.
04 Nos Civil Hospitals (Besham, Karora, Puran and
Chakisar)
3.
15 Nos BHUs
4.
11 Nos Dispensaries
5.
02 Nos Leprosy Centers
7. Employment
Status:
Most of the work force of the
district is employed in coal mines through out the country. About 80 % of the
economically active population of the district is involved in coal mines in
other parts of the country.
Economic Category
|
% Age
|
||
Male
|
Female
|
Average
|
|
Economically Active
|
43. 2 %
|
0.7 %
|
22.6 %
|
Not Economically Active
|
56.8 %
|
99.3 %
|
77.4 %
|
8. Population:
Population
size:
Total population of Shangla
District is 434563 (according to population census of 1998)
Which is 2.5 % of the total
population of the NWFP. Current population is 512000.
Population Growth:
Annual average growth rate is
3.27 % population density is 274 persons per Sq-Km.
Rural and Urban Distribution:
The entire population of the
district is living in rural areas with no urban area at all.
House Hold size:
Average household size in the
district is 8 persons per family.
Tehsils:
02
Tehsils (Alpuri & Puran). The tehsil wise population details are as under.
Tehsil wise Population details of
district Shangla.
S.No
|
Tehsil
|
Population
|
Area
|
||
Total
|
Male
|
Female
|
|||
1.
|
Alpuri
|
172960
|
83523
|
83523
|
66 Sq-Km
|
2.
|
Besham
|
57339
|
29724
|
28015
|
184 Sq- Km
|
3.
|
Chakisar Tehsil
|
67317
|
35299
|
32018
|
227 Sq-km
|
4.
|
Martung Tehsil
|
57841
|
29109
|
28332
|
215Sq-km
|
5.
|
Puran Tehsil
|
79106
|
40179
|
38927
|
297 Sq-km
|
Total
|
434563
|
223784
|
210815
|
1586 Sq-km
| |
Tehsil Wise Population Details of District Shangla After Devolution
Set Up.
S. No
|
Tehsil
|
Population
|
Area
|
||
Total
|
Male
|
Female
|
|||
1.
|
Alpuri
|
297616
|
154496
|
143556
|
1074 Sq-km
|
2.
|
Puran Tehsil
|
136547
|
69288
|
67259
|
512 Sq-km
|
Total
|
434563
|
223784
|
210815
|
1586 Sq-km
| |
Union Councils:
Total 28 union councils out of
which 18 U/Cs are situated in tehsil alpuri and 09 in tehsil Puran. The union
council wise population details are as under
Total Number of Villages (Mauzas):
There are 111 villages or Mauzas
(as\ smallest revenue Unit) in the district. The village wise population
details are as under.
Total No of Patwar Circles:
There are 44 Patwar Circles in
the district.
Total No of Households:
53529 (according to population
census of 1998) current No of household is 64391.
9. Poverty
Indicators:
1. 85 % Peoples are living below poverty line.
2. Literacy rate is 14.7 % (Male 25.2 % and Female 3.7 %)
3. Enrolment rate 19 %
4. Clean Drinking Water Available to 13 % Population only
5. 100 % Rural area
6. Economically active population (0.7 % Female and 43.2 %
Male)
7. Population growth rate is 3.27 %
8. Lighting (majority Kerosene oil)
9. Almost 90 % Kacha houses (Mud, Stone and Wood)
10. Joint Family System
11. No resource generation
12. No industry
13. Poor Health and educational facilities.
District annual development
programme (district ADP)
Funds for district ADP has been
allocated by the provincial Govt: to district Shangla under provincial finance
commission award (PFC). In the year 2001-02 funds allocated to the district
under Khusal Pakistan Programme (KKP). In the year 2002-03 and onward funds
were allocated under PFC award. Details of all these developmental funds
allocated to district Shangla under KPP award are as under.
S. No
|
Financial Year
|
Funds allocated to district in Rs. Million
|
Nos of Schemes Executed
|
1.
|
2001-02
|
100.00 (Under KPP Special
grant)
|
342
|
2.
|
2002-03
|
28.093 (Including 30 % TMA
Shear)
|
183
|
3.
|
2003-04
|
28.093 (Including 30 % TMA Shear)
|
140
|
4.
|
2004-05
|
28.093 (Including 30 % TMA Shear)
|
200
|
5.
|
2005-06
|
20.454 (Not Including 30 % TMA
Shear)
|
148
|
6.
|
2006-07
|
20.454 % (Not including 30 %
TMA Shear)
|
ADP in Process
|
Total
|
225.133
|
1013
|
10. Problems/ Issue and difficulties
faced by the district Govt: Shangla.
District Shangla in one of the
most backward and poorest district of the NWFP. This district is facing a lot
of problems and difficulties. Some of these are as under.
1.
Majority of the people of the district are deprived of
the basic facilities of life. Provision of health, education, drinking water
supply and roads are the basic needs of the district. District Govt: have very
limited development funds which could not meet the basic needs and requirements
of the people. Hence this poorest district needs special attention of the light
ups.
2.
Reduction in poverty is the main issue of the district.
3.
Reduction in Un-employment is another problem faced by
the district Govt: Shangla.
4.
Illiteracy (Alarming issue of the district)
5.
Social Sector (Health, Education and water supply)
needs special attention for improvement and development.
6.
Needs for tourism development. In district Shangla there
exist so many beautiful and scenic tourist spots, however, up till now no
proper attention have been given by the Govt: for development of these tourist spots.
Special attention of the Govt: is required for development of tourism potential
of the district, which can bring change in economic life of the people of the
district.
7.
In the whole district there is no playground exist for
the students of three colleges and 32 high and higher secondary schools.
Construction of playground is the most important need of the district.
8.
Environmental degradation is another big issue of the
district.
9.
Resource depletion/ Resource management.
10.
No proper land use planning and zoning
11.
For Govt: officers/ Officials there exist no offices as
well as residential accommodation except a few small Quarters. Almost all the
Govt: offices are in rented buildings. Similarly officer/ officials are
residing in rented accommodations. Construction of district secretariat and
Gove: residential colony at district headquarters alpuri is highly necessary.
12.
Construction of one bachelor staff hostel and one rest
house are the needs of the district.
13. Reconstruction and re-habilitation of earthquake damages (both public and private sectors). This involves billion of rupees.
13. Reconstruction and re-habilitation of earthquake damages (both public and private sectors). This involves billion of rupees.
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