714- A flower- head or
tightly packed inflorescence, is
a.
Trumpet
b.
Tepal
c.
Truss
d.
Tunic
715- A dry and often papery
covering of corms & some bulbs, is known as:
a.
Trumpet
b.
Plunging
c.
Fall
d.
Tunic
716. An instrument that
measures the electrical conductivity of a soil solution is called a:
a.
Manometer
b.
Tensiometer
c.
Photometer
d.
Solubridge
717. Rose is severely pruned
during:
a.
Spring ( Feb- Mar )
b.
Autumn ( Sep- Oct )
c.
Winter ( Dec- Jan )
d.
Summer ( May- June )
718. Rose hips are rich
source of:
a.
Vitamin A
b.
Vitamin B
c.
Vitamin C
d.
All of the above
719. Balled and Bur lapped
evergreens may be moved at any time of year except when
a.
New shoots are growing
b.
They are dormant
c.
The soil is frozen
d.
The soil is too wet
720. Which of the following
are not annual plants?
a.
Asparagus
b.
Petunia
c.
Margold
d.
Geranium
721. Which of the following
annuals are best used for edging
a.
Poppy
b.
Stock
c.
Sweet alyssum
d.
Sun flower
722. Which of the following
are good choices as specimen plants in a landscape:
a.
Magnolia
b.
Alstonia
c.
Gold mohr
d.
Bougainvillea
723. The most common mistake
in mowing cool season grasses is to
a.
Mow them too short
b.
Mow too often
c.
Use a dull mower blade
d.
Mow them too high
724. The name of the person
who developed the binomial system for naming plants is
a.
Linneus
b.
Socrates
c.
Plato
d.
Hortus
725. When used to describe a
plant, the word deciduous means that
a.
The plant is perennial
b.
The plant sheds its leaves each year
c.
The plant is a shrub
d.
All of the above
726. Flowers which are grown
from bulbs include
a.
Zinnia
b.
Tulip
c.
Marigolds
d.
All of the above
727. Xeriscaping is a
landscaping process which requires:
a.
No water in the landscape
b.
Draining water from landscape area
c.
Water conserving
d.
Arid landscaping
728 Mulching can reduce water loss
by:
a.
50%
b.
90%
c.
35%
d.
25%
729. _____can be effectively used as windbreak:
a.
Moulsary
b.
Ulta Ashok
c.
Bottle brush
d.
All of the above
730. Sprigging is:
a.
Cutting grass to kept it short
b.
Sowing a lawn
c.
Chopping up a lawn to provide better
drainage
d.
Planting individual plants, runners, or stolons to establish a
lawn
731. Grass seed should be
carefully covered with soil to a depth of
a.
0.5 cm
b.
1 cm
c.
1.5 cm
d.
2.5 cm
732. The best way to control
weeds from lawn is to develop:
a.
A good healthy thick turf
b.
A combination of pre emergence and post
mergence weed killer
c.
A weed killer/fertilizer
d.
None of the above
733. Rolling the lawn each
year may be necessary to
a.
Level the lawn
b.
Push grass roots into close contact with
soil
c.
Provide a firm surface for mowing
d.
All of the above
734. The common name for
diffenbachia is
a.
Umbrella tree
b.
Bougainvillea
c.
Snake plant
d.
Dumb cane
735. The genus name for
croton
a.
Sanservieria
b.
Ficus
c.
Codiaeium
d.
Araucaria
736. When indoor plants are
over watered:
a.
They drop their leaves
b.
They die
c.
Their leaves turn yellow
d.
All of the above
737. The night temperature of
indoor plants should be _________oF cooler than day time temperature
a.
5-10
b.
3-4
c.
20-30
d.
10-15
738. Charcoal is used in a
terrarium for its
a.
Color
b.
Drainage material
c.
Drainage ability
d.
None of the above
739. The use of high nitrogen
fertilizers in terrarium soil results in the release of
a.
Moisture
b.
Ammonia gas
c.
New plants
d.
None of the above
740. Plants tend to grow
towards light sources. It is known as
a.
Photosynthesis
b.
The rain cycle
c.
Transpiration
d.
Phototropism
741. Moisture is lost through
small openings on the underside of the leaves known as:
a.
Air holes
b.
Stems
c.
Stomata
d.
None of the above
742. The larger, center most
of the plants used in bonsai is cut off:
a.
To dwarf the plant
b.
To cause root branching
c.
To make root system shallow
d.
To simplify root pruning job
743. Site of attraction that
holds attention of viewer in a landscape is called:
a.
Balance
b.
Proportion
c.
Focal point
d.
Rythum
744. Most famous fragrant
plant in summer is;
a.
Jasminum sambac
b. Althcea
rosea
c.
Tabernamontana divertica
d.
All of the above
745. Lilium longiflorum, an important holiday potted
plant, is commonly known as:
a.
Kalanchoe
b.
Poinsettia
c.
Easter Lily
d.
Hydrangea
746. Pansy is very popular
winter annual for its Stem and
a.
foliage beauty
b.
Planting under shade
c.
Hardiness towards ground cover
d.
Mixed coloured flower bedding plant
747. Use of a pipe covered by
a rope for providing support to some indoor plants like Scindapsus, is termed
as:
a.
Terrarium
b.
Totem
c.
Topiary
d.
None of the above
748. An open frame work,
designed to offer shady resting place is called:
a.
Cold frame
b.
Arbor
c.
Pergola
d.
Deck
749. A line of demarcation
that creates visual interest in a landscape by separating one segment from
another is called
a.
Edging
b.
Border
c.
Fencing
d.
Line
750. In landscape shape of
tree is called
a.
Shape
b.
Form
c.
Structure
d.
Texture
751. Water gardening is also
called,
a.
Equascape
b.
Hardscape
c.
Nightscape
d.
Alpine gardening
752. Landscape, in which
rocks and grasses are used instead of flowers is called
a.
Rock gardening
b.
Japanese gardening
c.
Water gardening
d.
None of the above
753. Which of the statement
is true?
a.
Verbena is used as climber
b.
Verbena is used for border
c.
Verbena is used as hedge plant
d.
Verbena is used as bedding plant
754. Which of the plant is
used for is foliage beauty?
a.
Kochia
b.
Phlox
c.
Partulaca
d.
Antirrhinum
755. Which annual flower is
used ground cover?
a.
Viola
b.
Stock
c.
Calendula
d.
Musemberanthemum
756. Which of the statement
is true?
a.
Lawns should always be mowed in the same
direction
b.
Plants are best wintered without water
in them
c.
Cylinder mowers give thorough mowing
because of air vacuum system
d.
Warm season grasses usually respond better to close mowing.
757. An example of a
specialty cut flower used in a floral arrangement is:
a.
Rose
b.
Carnation
c.
Orchid
d.
Pompom Chrysanthemum
758. Which of the following
plant require very light pruning?
a.
Nerium Odorum
b.
Rhododendron
c.
Lawsonia alba
d.
Punica grantum
759. Which tree bears
fragrant flowers?
a. Albezia
lebbeck
b. Pinus
roxburghii
c.
Papulus elegni
d.
None of the above
760. Which following creeper
bears white flowers?
a.
Ipomea
b.
Plumbago
c.
Clerodendron
d.
Tecoma
761. Pinus roxburghii is very
healthy growing in;
a.
Tropical zone
b.
Subtropical zone
c.
All of the above zones
d.
None of the above zones
762. Low-lying plant that
covers some area in the landscape is called;
a.
Shrub
b.
Ground cover
c.
Bedding plant
d.
Perennial
763. Plants which shed their
leaves in autumn are called;
a.
Evergreen
b.
Annuals
c.
Deciduous
d.
Biennials
764. _____ is a common disease found on roses grown for cut flowers.
a.
Stem rot
b.
Rust
c.
Root rot
d.
Botrytis
765. Plants for the marginal
areas of pond are called
a.
Bog plants
b.
Emergent
c.
Aquatic plants
d.
floaters
766. Type of contained water
feature is
a.
Fountain
b.
Water fall
c.
Pond
d.
None of the above
767.__________ is used for daily movement in the landscape
a.
Functional path
b.
Temporary path
c.
Occasional path
d.
Decorative path
768. when all the parts of
the design suggest a single impression it is called
a.
Harmony
b.
Transition
c.
Balance
d.
Unity
769. In Punjab pruning of
roses is managed during
a.
Summer
b.
Winter
c.
Spring
d.
Year around
770. Which of the following roses bear clustered
flowers?
a.
Hybrid tea
b.
Floribunda
c.
Miniature
d.
All of the above
771. The new growth of a
Dieffenbachia is weak and spindly, with large gaps between the leaves. The problem is probably:
a.
Salt damage
b.
Nitrogen deficiency
c.
Botrytis
d.
Lack of light
772. Cuttings of potted
chrysanthemums are planted at an angle to encourage:
a.
Increased branching
b.
Larger blooms
c.
A more rounded plant
d.
Earlier flowering
773. The common name for Zebrina
pendula is:
a.
African Lily
b.
Boston ivy
c.
Wandering Jew
d.
Grape ivy
774. Which of the following
flower types is not suitable for pressing?
a.
Daffodil
b.
Dusty miller
c.
Pansy
d.
African violet
775. The most important environmental factor regulating flower initiation
in bulbous species is:
a.
Light
b.
Temperature
c.
Moisture
d.
Ventilation
776. Plant propagation is
important because of the reason:
a.
Selected plants chosen to maintain their traits
b.
Usefulness
c.
For specific traits
d.
Preserving plant products as a source of
food
777. Successful Plant
Propagation involves the:
a.
Knowledge of technical skills
b.
Knowledge of plant biology
c.
Knowledge of plant
d.
All of these
778. Any detached plant part
which, when placed under favorable conditions will produce a new plant
identical to the parent plant is called a:
a.
Cutting
b.
Seed
c.
Plug
d.
Graft
779. Which type of cutting is
taken in the dormant season when tissues are fully matured and lignified?
a.
Softwood
b.
Semi-hardwood
c.
Hardwood
d.
Herbaceous
780. Colchicine is
chemically:
a.
Volatile oil
b.
Tannins
c.
Protein
d.
Alkaloid
781. Quinine alkaloids are
present in
a.
Nux
vomica
b.
Cocoa leaves
c.
Belladona roots
d.
Cinchona bark
782. This mineral is exposed
to high heat and expanded. It is often used as a propagation media:
a.
Perlite
b.
Vermiculite
c.
Peat Moss
d.
Sand
783. What are two of the most important qualities for selecting a
rooting media?
a.
Hard and free from pests
b.
Well drained and low moisture retentive
c.
Water holding capacity and Air holding capacity
d.
None of these
784. Which of these four
plants which are propagated from herbaceous cuttings.
a.
Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Coleus and Geranium.
b.
Azalea, Coleus, Geranium and Rose
c.
Coleus, Ruscus, Gardenia and holly
d.
Tuberose, Syngonium, Hibiscus and Dracenia
785. Why is it important to
select cutting free of berries and flowers?
a.
The flowers and berries take up too much
space in the propagation bed.
b.
Because berries and flowers weigh down
the cuttings and may cause them to tip over.
c.
The flowers and berries would attract harmful insects to the
cuttings.
d.
Because they consume much of the food
stored and produced by the cutting.
786. Why is it important to
transport cutting from the field to the
propagation area in a plastic bag?
a.
To keep your hands and clothing clean.
b.
To help maintain the moisture level of the cutting stock.
c.
Because a paper bag would tear too
easily
d.
To maintain the integrity of the soil
around the roots.
787. What is the optimum
length for most of cuttings?
a.
1 to 3 inches
b.
3 to 6 inches
c.
6 to 8 inches
d.
10 to 12 inches
788. The bottom leaves from
the cutting should be removed before "sticking" the cutting for which
of the following reasons.
a.
The leaves may rot
b.
The leaves may become diseased
c.
Neither A nor B
d.
Both A and B
789. When taking the cutting
from the stock plant, at what angle should the cut be made?
a.
25O
b.
45O
c.
60O
d.
90O
790. When sticking a hard
wood cutting, how many nodes should be under the rooting medium?
a.
At least 1
b.
1 to 3
c.
2 to 4
d.
3 to 5
791. Why are rooting hormones
applied to cuttings?
a.
To increase the plant's ability to
reproduce.
b.
To promote the production of a new root system.
c.
To help the cutting resist disease.
d.
To promote the production of healthy
leaves, flowers and berries.
792. Why must a hole or
furrow be made in the growing media before sticking the cutting?
a.
To prevent the rooting hormone from getting knocked off the end of
the cutting.
b.
To make the process of sticking the
cutting easier.
c.
To establish the depth to which the
cutting should be planted.
d.
To maintain good air circulation around
the cutting's base.
793. How many seconds should
a cutting be held in a liquid IBA rooting hormone?
a.
2
b.
5
c.
10
d.
12
794. How far should cuttings
be inserted into the rooting media?
a.
to 2 inch
b.
1 to 2 inch
c.
1 to 3 inch
795. It is important to firm
the soil around the base of the cutting due to following reasons:
a.
To eliminate air pockets.
b.
To make sure the base of the cutting
makes good contact with the rooting media.
c.
Neither A nor B
d.
Both A and B
796. Why is it important to
evenly space the cuttings in the rooting medium?
a.
To promote good air circulation.
b.
To cut down on the transmission of
disease organisms.
c.
To make the best use of the
propagation space.
d.
All of the above.
797. What portion of the stem
of a cutting should be coated with rooting hormone?
a.
A portion which includes at least two
nodes.
b.
The
bottom inch
c.
The portion of the stem that will be under the media.
d.
The entire cutting should be covered
with hormone.
798. What is the final step
of preparing cuttings?
a.
Preparing the rooting media.
b.
Selecting quality cutting stock.
c.
The application of rooting hormone.
d.
Watering-in and placing the cuttings on a mist bed.
799. Why must any leftover
rooting hormone be discarded after use?
a.
To eliminate the possibility of contaminating the entire supply of
rooting hormone.
b.
To conserve funds used to purchase
rooting hormone.
c.
To deplete the supply of rooting hormone
to help keep the supplier in business.
d.
To assist the propagator in keeping the
area neat and free of debris.
800. Why a propagator trim
the leaves of large-leaved cuttings?
a.
To eliminate unsightly insect damage.
b.
To conserve propagation space.
c.
To shape the leaves into topiaries.
d.
To achieve a uniform leaf size and
shape.
801. What type of cutting
does not become woody?
a.
Softwood
b.
Semi-hardwood
c.
Hardwood
d.
Herbaceous
802. Sodium hypochlorite is used:
a.
To eliminate unsightly insect damage.
b.
To conserve moisture.
c.
To enhance the rooting.
d.
To sterilize cutting tools.
803. Secondary dormancy is
due to:
a.
Immature Embryo
b.
Chemical Inhibitors
c.
Light Requirement
d.
Hardseededness
804. Cutting most oftenly
used in fruit plants are:
a.
Herbaceous Cutting
b.
Leafy cutting
c.
Semi hard wood cutting
d.
None
805. Which of the following
fertilizer carries 46% nitrogen
a.
Urea
b.
Ammonium sulphate
c.
Potassium nitrate
d.
Single super phosphate
806. Red top is the variety
of
a.
Tomato
b.
Potato
c.
Apple
d.
Guava
807. Alternate bearing in
mangoes is due to
a.
Environmental factor
b.
Physiological factors
c.
Genetic factors
d.
All of these
808. Windproof shelter belts are
a.
Very dense
b.
Medium dense
c.
Porous
d.
None of these
809. Plants control direct
sunlight and intercept glare by means of
a.
Obstruction
b.
Absorption
c.
Reflection
d.
Radiation
810. Roses can successfully
be cultivated at a temperature
a.
40oC
811. Tulip is an example of
a.
Rhizome
b.
Bulb
c.
Tuber
d.
Corm
812. Ground cover includes of
plants
a.
Annuals
b.
Biennial
c.
Perennials
d.
All of these
813. Which of these shrub
produce fragrant flowers
a. Cestrum
nocturnum
b. Cestrum
diurnum
c.
Murraya panniculata
d.
All of these
814. The danger signs of too
little water are
a.
Leaves rapidly become wilted and limp.
b.
Leaf growth slows.
c.
Lower leaves become curled or yellow in
colour.
d.
All of these
815. For potting plants the
pH should be_____
a.
5-6
b.
6-7
c.
4-5
d.
None of these
816. Double delight is a
variety of rose which belongs to a group of:
a.
Hybrid Tea
b.
Floribunda
c.
Miniature
d.
None of these
817. Chrysanthemums are
propagated through
a.
Seeds
b.
Suckers
c.
Cutting
d.
All of these
818. Which of the following
annual is used in rock gardening?
a.
Cosmos
b.
Clarkia
c.
Dianthus
d.
Morning glory
819. Which of the following
annual is used as ground cover?
a.
Musemberanthemum
b.
Stock
c.
Viola
d.
Calendula
820. Which of these annual is
long season bloom
a.
Statice
b.
Sweet peas
c.
Portulaca
d.
All of these
821. Which of these is
temporary visitor in the garden plantation.
a.
Perennials
b.
Shrubs
c.
Annuals
d.
Succulents
822. During the summer, day
time temperature in the forest are commonly cooler than open areas:
a.
2C
b.
None of these
823. Where the physiotherapy
in floriculture can be exercised?
a.
Old houses
b.
Jails
c.
Hospitals
d.
All of these
824. Lotus is famous for
a.
Home gardening
b.
Rock gardening
c.
Water gardening
d.
None of these
825. For foundation
plantings, plants should be
a.
Deciduous
b.
Annual
c.
Evergreen
d.
Ground covers
826. Which of these create
overall effect of various features, styles and colour schemes of the total
scene?
a.
Harmony
b.
Proportion
c.
Contrast
d.
Accent
827. When regarding
chromosome number:
a.
chromosome number will vary within a
species
b.
the same species will have always the same number of chromosomes
c.
every species has a different number of
chromosomes
d.
Chromosome number will vary within
cultivars
828. Which of the following
are characteristics of prophase?
a.
crossing over occurs
b.
A well defined nucleus bounded by a
nuclear envelope
c.
Nucleoli disappear
d.
Spindle formation
829. Fusion of protoplasts is
done by
a.
Polyethylene glycol
b.
Glycerol
c.
Ascorbic acid
d.
Agar
830. A clone is a colony of
a.
Cells having different shapes
b.
Cells having similar shape
c.
Cells having similar genetic constitution
d.
Cells having similar size
831. The longest phase in
mitotic division is
a.
Prophase
b.
Interphase
c.
Metaphase
d.
Telophase
832. The seedless watermelon,
Citrullus
lanatus, that is commonly used all over the world, is:
a.
Tetraploid
b.
Triploid
c.
Diploid
d.
Pentaploid
833. Mango trees bear which
type of flowers?
a.
Staminate
b.
Hermaphrodite
c.
Pistillate
d.
Both of above
834. The cultivated tomato
originated from wild forms in which region
a.
Africa
b.
South America
c.
South Asia
d.
America
835. Polyembryony in citrus
is obstacle in cultivar improvement but rootstock propagation.
a.
True
b.
False
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
836. The species which
produce seed from vegetative cells and not through sexual means are called
a.
Hybrid
b.
Apomictic
c.
Zygotic
d.
Inbred
837. Cucurbitaceae family has
which type of plants on the basis of sex of flowers
a.
Hermaphrodite
b.
Dioecious
c.
Monoecious
d.
None of above
838. Who is the breeder of
famous kinnow “mandarin”?
a.
H.B. Frost
b.
J.W. Grosser
c.
R.K. Soost
d.
F.G. Gmitter
839. Mango varieties grown in
Pakistan generally produce seed
a.
Monoembryonic
b.
Polyembryonic
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
840. The Kinnow hybrid, bred
in USA, has parents
a.
King and sour orange
b.
Kara and wilking
c.
King and willow leaf
d.
Willow leaf and sour orange
841. Increased genetic
diversity following extended time in a tissue culture is a problem called
a.
Gene alteration
b.
Somaclonal variation
c.
culture shock
d.
Epigenetic variation
842. A mass of dividing,
undifferentiated cells in a tissue culture is called
a.
a callus
b.
an embryoid
c.
a plasmodium
d.
protoplasm
843. Electroporation is a
technique used with
a.
Calluses
b.
Protoplasts
c.
Cell suspensions
d.
Embryoids
844. To produce plants that
are homozygous for all traits, the best choice is
a.
callus culture
b.
anther / pollen culture
c.
protoplast culture
d.
Embryo culture
845. Cell suspension cultures
require
a.
Organogenesis
b.
Differentiation
c.
Disaggregation
d.
Dedifferentiation
846. If you want to use a
plant tissue culture as a chemical factory for vitamins, choose
a.
suspension cultures
b.
anther pollen cultures
c.
protoplast cultures
d.
None of above
847. The fastest way to a
ripe tomato using tissue culture is by
a.
anther / pollen culture
b.
plant organ culture
c.
callus culture
d.
None of above
848. For aseptic cultures in
tissue culture, which equipment is not necessary?
a.
PH meter
b.
Laminar hood cabinet
c.
Autoclave
d.
All of above
849. Flower opening is termed
as
a.
Emasculation
b.
Anthesis
c.
Dehiscence
d.
Fecundation
850. The four main parts of a
flower are
a.
Pollen, ovary, pistil and stamen
b.
Sepal, pistil, ovary and stigma
c.
Sepal, petal, stamen and pistil
d.
All of above
851. Pollination is a sexual
process in which pollen is deposited on the stigma of the plant. It starts the
process of fertilization and......
a.
growth of pollen tube
b.
seed formation
c.
production of a fruit or seed coat
d.
All of above
852. Watermelon is a crop
with floral biology
a.
monoecious & cross-pollinated
b.
dioecious & cross-pollinated
c.
dioecious & self-pollinated
d.
None of above
853. A plant composed of two
or more genetically different tissues is called
a.
Sport
b.
Chimera
c.
Mutation
d.
Hybrid
854. Citrange citrus is the
intergeneric hybrid, with its parents?
a.
Poncirus and sweet orange
b.
Poncirus and mandarins
c.
Sweet orange and mandarins
d.
Mandarins and sweet orange
855. Megasporogenesis is the
formation of which gametes?
a.
Male
b.
Female
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
856. A thin, delicate,
cellulose inner layer in a pollen grain wall is known as
a.
Intine
b.
Exine
c.
Colpi
d.
All of above
857. A plant useful in the
study of plant genomes because of its small genome size is
a.
Tulip spp.
b.
Arabidopsis thaliana
c.
Pisum sativum
d.
Tobacco
858. Most plant tissue
cultures are initiated from
a.
calluses
b.
explants
c.
embryoids
d.
Cell suspension
859. Pores in protoplasts may
be opened to DNA by the application of
a.
Magnetism
b.
Enzymes
c.
Electricity
d.
None of above
860. Which of the following
are mismatched?
a.
Protoplast isolation-hybrids
b.
Homozygous plants-anther/pollen culture
c.
Callus culture-differentiated tissues regenerate
d.
All of above
861. Plant transformation is
a.
When a plant grown in culture generates
increased genetic variation
b.
When plant cells in suspension cultures
form individual embryos that can grow into plants
c.
The incorporation of foreign DNA into the plant genome
d.
Both a and b
862. Unlike the somatic cells
of animals, plant cells can be grown in tissue culture and regenerate new
plants
a.
Because each cell contains the entire
genome
b.
Because plant cells can dedifferentiate and revert back to seeds
c.
Because plant cells are able to express
genes that weren't previously expressed
d.
None of above
863. Phenolic compounds, a
cause of medium browning, are mostly released by which plants
a.
Succulents
b.
Woody
c.
Herbaceous
d.
All of above
864. What is the structural
nature of enzymes?
a.
Fat
b.
Protein
c.
Carbohydrates
d.
Starch
865. The male sterile plants
due to cytoplasmic genes are termed as
a.
Cytoplasmic
b.
Genetic
c.
Gametic
d.
None of above
866. Hyperhydric malformation
occurring during in vitro propagation is termed
a.
Contamination
b.
Vitrification
c.
Browning
d.
All of above
867. The use of living
organism or their by-products to modify human health and environment is
a.
Tissue culture
b.
Biotechnology
c.
Genetic engineering
d.
Recombinant DNA
868. The ability of somatic
cells to grow into a complete plant is termed as
a.
Somatic embryogenesis
b.
Totipotency
c.
Regeneration
d.
All of above
869. Somatic variation is
occurred in which cells
a.
Germ cells
b.
Somatic cells
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
870. Incompatibility, a
problem in plants hybridization programs, can be overcome by
a.
Somatic hybridization
b.
Endosperm culture
c.
Embryo culture
d.
All of above
871. The process of formation
of two or more embryos in the seed is known as
a.
Apomixis
b.
Polyploidy
c.
Polyembryony
d.
All of above
872. The 2n number of
chromosome in citrus is
a.
15
b.
18
c.
21
d.
24
873. Which is not the method
to check pollen viability in the laboratory?
a.
Staining
b.
In vitro culture
c.
Fruit set
d.
None of above
874. The one reason of
unfruitfulness in fruits may be
a.
Heterostyly
b.
Compatibility
c.
Monoecy
d.
None of above
875. Polyembryony reflects
the number of embryos per seed
a.
One or more
b.
Two or more
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
876. Which of the following
is involved in seedless watermelon production?
a.
Apomixis
b.
Interspecific crosses
c.
Tetraploidy
d.
All of above
877. The quickest way to
produce homozygous breeding lines from heterozygous parents is through
a.
Doubled haploids
b.
Aneuploidy
c.
Protoplast fusion
d.
Allopolyploidy
878. Which of the following
is an example of an active meristematic tissue in plants?
a.
Sclerenchyma
b.
Cambium
c.
Epidermis
d.
Cuticle
879. Which of the following
describes an appropriate technique for commercially propagating chimeras?
a.
Crossing the chimera with a normal plant
of the same variety
b.
Stimulating haploid female germ cells taken from the chimera to
divide without being fertilized
c.
Taking stem cuttings from the chimera
and its descendents
d.
All of above
880. Which of the following
accurately describes the role of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?
a.
Cutting sequences of double-strand DNA into fragments
b.
Making multiple copies of gene sequences
of single-strand DNA
c.
Removing the nucleus of a cell and replacing
it with another
d.
None of above
881. Mendel’s principle of
independent assortment is best explained by the arrangement of chromosomes in
a.
Telophase of mitosis
b.
Metaphase of meiosis
c.
Prophase of mitosis
d.
All of above
882. A variant among clones
is known as
a.
Variety
b.
Strain
c.
Clone
d.
None of above
883. A cell without cell wall
is called
a.
Protoplasm
b.
Protoplast
c.
Plasma
d.
Cytoplasm
884. A medium without
addition of agar is called
a.
Solid medium
b.
Liquid medium
c.
Cell suspension culture
d.
Both b and c
885. Fusion of nucleus of one
plant cell with cytoplasm of the other cell is called
a.
Heterokaryon
b.
Homokaryon
c.
Cybrid
d.
None of above
886. Distilled water after
autoclaving is known as
a.
Deionized water
b.
Double distilled water
c.
Autoclaved water
d.
All of above
887. The genetic constitution
of an organism is termed as
a.
Gene
b.
Allele
c.
Genotype
d.
Phenotype
888. A small circular
molecule of double stranded DNA naturally occur in bacteria and yeast is called
a.
Ti-plasmid
b.
Plasmid
c.
Plastid
d.
All of above
889. The temperature of the
autoclave for the sterilization of culture medium is
a.
115C
890. Which concentration of
ethanol is generally applied for asepsis of explants?
a.
90%
b.
80%
c.
70%
d.
55%
891. Which plant part is
taken for isolation of protoplast in somatic hybridization?
a.
Shoot
b.
Leaves
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
892. The regeneration of
organs or organ-like structure or (pro) embryo from callus is termed as
a.
De-differentiation
b.
Re-differentiation
c.
Differentiation
d.
All of above
893. Which group of plant
hormones induces among other things, cell elongation and cell division?
a.
Cytokinin
b.
Auxin
c.
Gibberellin
d.
All of above
894. A cell with two or more
identical nuclei as a result of protoplast fusion is known as
a.
Heterokaryon
b.
Homokaryon
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
895. Haberlandt was the first
who made attempts for cell cultures in the year
a.
1907
b.
1909
c.
1902
d.
1904
896. All of the following are
examples of evolution, except:
a.
Mutations in an individual
b.
Changes in an allele frequency in a
species
c.
Adaptive Radiation
897. DNA replication occurs in which phase?
a.
Interphase
b.
Prophase
c.
Anaphase
d.
Telophase
898. When the ratio of auxin
to cytokinin in tissue culture is low
a.
Rooting can be induced in an explant
b.
Shooting can be induced in callus
c.
Cell division is promoted in explants to
produce callus
d.
All of above
899. Mendel's discovery that
characteristics are inherited due to the transmission of hereditary factors
resulted from his
a.
Careful microscopic examinations of
genes and chromosomes
b.
Breeding experiments with many
generations of fruit flies
c.
Analysis of the offspring produced from many pea plant crosses
d.
None of above
900. A condition in which
pollen is absent or non-functional in flowering plants is called
a.
Incompatibility
b.
Sterility
c.
Male sterility
d.
Compatibility
901. Plants containing only
single sex flower is called
a.
Dioecious
b.
Monoecious
c.
Hermaphrodite
d.
All of above
902. Transfer of pollen
grains from anther to stigma is called
a.
Pollination
b.
Fertilization
c.
Cloning
d.
All of above
903. Mendel did a lot of work on pea plant due to easy crossing for
a.
Fertilization
b.
Hybridization
c.
Pollination
d.
Emasculation
904. The science dealing with
the structure, function and life of the cell is called
a.
Zoology
b.
Cytology
c.
Botany
d.
Taxanomy
905. Heritability is
expressed in which unit
a.
Gram
b.
Percentage
c.
Meter
d.
None of above
906. pH of the medium can be
increased by the addition of which solution
a.
1N HCl
b.
1N NaOH
c.
1N H2SO4
d.
All of above
907. Autoclave is used for
sterilization and conversion of sugar into
a.
Fructose
b.
Glucose
c.
Sucrose
d.
All of above
908. Browning, a common
problem in in-vitro, can be controlled by adding
a.
2,4-D
b.
Charcoal
c.
Tap water
d.
Kinetin
909. The process of callus
formation in plant tissue culture is termed as
a.
Embryogenesis
b.
Callogenesis
c.
Organogenesis
d.
All of above
910. Undifferentiated mass of
cells in in-vitro cultures is known as
a.
Wound
b.
Callus
c.
Cambium
d.
Meristem
911. Which is a breeding
method used by humans to produce new and improved varieties of plants?
a.
Independent assortment
b.
Artificial selection
c.
Natural selection
d.
All of above
912. Micropropagation may be
described as
a.
Growing plants in pots
b.
Growing whole plants from very small piece of a parent plant
c.
Growing plants in greenhouses
d.
All of above
913. In vitro is a means of
growing organisms
a.
Inside other living organisms
b.
Outside
c.
In glass
d.
In plastic pot
914. Somatic cells are
a.
Sex cells
b.
Non sex cells
c.
All body cells
d.
All of above
915. Tissue culturing is
sometime described as
a.
DNA fingerprinting
b.
A technique where individual cells divide in a bath of sterile
nutrient fluid containing all required ingredients
c.
A process where organisms reproduce
asexually
d.
None of above
916. Rooting in the plant
tissue culture medium will be induced by
a.
Auxins
b.
Cytokinins
c.
Gibberelins
d.
B.A.
917. Which is not haploid
among the following?
a.
Sperm cells
b.
Gametophytic tissue
c.
Nucellar tissue
d.
All of above
918. Inheritance of acquired
characters is also known as
a.
Darwinism
b.
Lamarckism
c.
Epigenesis
d.
None of above
919. The Chromosome theory of
heredity was proposed in 1902 by
a.
Sutton & Boveri
b.
Mendel
c.
Cameraris
d.
Haberlandt
920. In non-allelic
interaction the dominating gene is called
a.
Dominant gene
b.
Epistatic gene
c.
Hypostatic gene
d.
All of above
921. How many different kinds
of amino acids are?
a.
20
b.
22
c.
24
d.
26
922. When a nitrogen box is
bonded to a sugar, this complex is known as
a.
Nucleoside
b.
Nucleotide
c.
Nucleic acid
d.
All of above
923. The two main steps of
artificial hybridization are
a.
Emasculation & pollination
b.
Pollination & fertilization
c.
Both of above
d.
None of above
924. The characterization of the
chromosomal complement of an individual or a species, including number, form,
and size of the chromosomes is termed as
a.
Ideogram
b.
Ideotype
c.
Karyotype
d.
None of above
925. The change in chromosome
that is an exact multiple of basic set of chromosome is termed as
a.
Euploid
b.
Aneuploid
c.
Haploid
d.
Autopolyploid
926. The petals in a flower
are collectively called
a.
Calyx
b.
Anther
c.
Corolla
d.
Perianth
927. In Pakistan the
postharvest losses of frui
ts and vegetables ranges between;
10-15%
15-20%
20-30%
20-40%
928. Quality of fruits and vegetables for fresh consumption is determined
by;
a.
Grower
b.
Retailer
c.
Wholesaler
d.
Consumer
929. Vegetables or their products are preserved by means of:
a.
Grading
b.
Packing
c.
Processing
d.
Vegetable forcing
930. A physical aging
activity in which plant tissue degenerate and ultimately die is called.
a.
Fruit ripening
b.
Maturity
c.
Senescence
d.
a & b
931. Degeneration and death
of aerial plant parts like leaves, branches, flowers and fruit but not
underground plant parts is called;
a.
Senescence
b.
Partial senescence
c.
Maturity
d.
None
932. Synthetic products which
when applied to plants, produce reactions almost identical to hormones, are
called
a.
Plant hormones
b.
Plant growth regulators
c.
Photoperiodism activator
d.
Plant growth promoters
933. Ethylene has
horticultural uses such as;
a.
Inducing fruit maturity
b.
Initiate flowering
c.
Changing the green colour of fruits
d.
All of above
934. Low temperature injury
includes:
a.
Chilling injury
b.
Desiccation heaving
c.
Anthracnose
d.
Above all
935. Carotene is a precursor
of ;
a.
Vitamin-C
b.
Vitamin-D
c.
Vitamin-A
d.
Ascorbic acid
936. A form of controlled atmosphere storage in which the produce is
stored in a partial vacuum is called;
a.
Hypo baric storage
b.
Gas storage
c.
Modified storage
d.
Controlled atmospheric storage
937. Total soluble solids in
fruits or vegetables are measured by;
a.
Spectrophotometer
b.
Hydrometer
c.
Refractrometer
d.
Tensiometer
938. Acidity is readily
determined from a sample of extracted juice by titration with normal alkaline
solution;
a. 0.1 N NaoH
b. 1.0 N NaoH
c. 10.0 N NaoH
d. 0.01 N NaoH
939. The best time of harvest
for perishable fruits and vegetables is ;
a.
Morning
b.
Afternoon
c.
Evening
d.
Night
940. In mangoes the
established method for evaluation of maturity is;
a.
Colour of fruit
b.
Firmness of fruit
c.
Dry matter contents
d.
Size of fruit
941. If the fruits are coated
with wax the rate of water loss can be reduced upto:
a.
20-30%
b.
30-40%
c.
40-50%
d.
30-50%
942. Sweet potatoes can be
cured at around 30C and 90-95% RH for;
a.
1-2 days prior to storage
b.
2-5 days prior to storage
c.
4-7 days prior to storage
d.
7-8 days prior to storage
943. In apples internal
breakdown can be reduced during cold storage by treating with;
a.
Sodium
b.
Magnesium
c.
Calcium
d.
Potassium
944. the most common packing
material used for mango and citrus in Pakistan is;
a.
Plastic bins
b.
Bamboo baskets
c.
Polythene bags
d.
Wooden crates
945. The optimum storage
temperature for apple ranges from;
a.
0-1C
946. After harvest the rate
of respiration increases in;
a.
Tropical fruits
b.
Non-climacteric fruits
c.
Temperate fruits
d.
Climacteric fruits
947. Which is the best
indicator of metabolic activities and potential storage life of fresh produce;
a.
Rate of transpiration
b.
Rate of respiration
c.
Rate of ethylene production
d.
Rate of weight loss
948. As storage period of
most fruits is increased, acidity and vitamin C;
a.
Increase
b.
Decrease
c.
Remain same
d.
Acidity increases while vitamin c
decreases
949. During curing of tuber
crops;
a.
Excessive moisture is lost
b.
A waxy layer is developed on the fruit
c.
Storage life increases
d.
All of above
950. The most common
radiation dose used for extending shelf-life of fruits and vegetables
ranges between;
a.
0.01-3.0 kGy
b.
5-10 kGy
c.
10-20 kGy
d.
20-30 kGy
951. In controlled atmosphere
storage;
a.
Temperature and R.H is controlled
b.
Nitrogen concentration is controlled
c.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide is controlled
d.
All of the above
952. Chilling injury is
common in;
a.
Temperate fruits
b.
Tropical and sub-tropical fruits
c.
Deciduous fruits
d.
None of above
953. Which enzyme is involved
in ethylene synthesis;
a.
ACC synthase
b.
ACC oxidase
c.
Endoploygalacturonase
d.
a & b
954. Safe storage temperature
for most mango cultivars is;
a.
5-6oC
955. During storage of most
fresh produce the relative humidity should be;
a.
50-60%
b.
65-75%
c.
70-80%
d.
85-95%
956. Which crop has higher
respiration rate;
a.
Cabbage
b.
Grapefruit
c.
Potato
d.
Tomato
957. Silver thiosulphate
extend vase life of cut flowers by;
a.
Anti-bacterial properties
b.
Anti-oxidant properties
c.
Anti-ethylene properties
d.
Anti-auxins properties
958. Which one is the
non-climacteric fruit;
a.
Apple
b.
Mango
c.
Peach
d.
Citrus
959. Internal browning in
fresh produce is the result of ;
a.
Depletion of carbohydrates
b.
Action of polyphenoloxidase (PPO)
c.
Loss of moisture
d.
Loss of chlorophyll
960. In onions the maturity
is determined by;
a.
Bulb size
b.
Bulb colour
c.
Leaves colour
d.
Tops drooping
961. The stage at which rose
flowers should be cut;
a.
When petals are fully open
b.
At tight-bud stage
c.
When petals starts folding
d.
When the petals show full colour
962. The postharvest quality in carnation flowers is observed better when
they are cut at;
a.
Bud stage
b.
Fully open stage
c.
Half bud and half open stage
d.
All of the above
963. The common fumigant applied to fruit crops after harvest, for
controlling postharvest diseases:
a.
Ca(OH)2
b.
So2
c.
CaO
d.
Co2
964. The best method of harvesting citrus fruits is;
a.
Pulling
b.
Clipping
c.
Twisting
d.
Twist-picking
965. The most effective fungicide for controlling citrus fruit diseases
caused by Penicillium spp. is;
a.
Sodium orthophenylphosphate (SOPP)
b.
Carbendazim
c.
Thiabendazole (TBZ)
d.
Topsin-M
966 Active ingredients in plants are
defined as:
a.
Correcting bodily functions
b.
A restorative of body ailments
c.
Preventing or curing diseases
d.
Constituents having a medicinal action
967. According to
international standards medicinal plants are those plants which have active
ingredients in the range of:
a.
10%
b.
20%
c.
40-60%
d.
none of above
968. The botanical name of
Ispaghol is
a.
Termanilia arjuna
b.
Strychnus nuxvomica
c.
Ocimum bacilum
d.
Plantago ovata
969. The most potential
medicinal plant according to HOLY PROPHET (P.B.U.H) is
a.
Babool
b.
Zaitoon
c.
Angeer
d.
Kalongi
970. Best yield of rose oil
from rose petals is obtained by
a.
Steam distillation
b.
Vacuum distillation
c.
Enflurage
d.
Carbon dioxide extraction
971. Aromatic biosynthesis in
plants takes place by
a.
Shikimic acid pathway
b.
Acetate hypothesis
c.
Both a & b
d.
None of above
972. Tea leaves contains
a.
Tannins
b.
Alkaloids
c.
Alkaloids and tannins
d.
None of above
973. Which plant contain
cardio active glycoside
a.
Digitalis spp.
b.
Cardamom
c.
Ginseng
d.
Lemon spp.
974. Coriander contain
volatile oil
a.
0.8%
b.
1.8%
c.
2.8%
d.
5%
975. Alkaloids are
a.
Alkali like compounds
b.
Neutral compounds
c.
Basic compound
d.
Complex nitrogen compound
976. Molaurty is defined as
number of moles of solute per
a.
100 Liters of solution
b.
10 liter of solution
c.
1000 liter of solution
d.
1 liter of solution
977. In scientific literature
referencing is necessary to :
a.
Help reader verify the quoted facts
b.
Avoid plagiarizing
c.
Enable readers to follow up
d.
All of above
978. In the case of uniform
experimental material which experiment design is most suitable.
a.
RCBD
b.
Latin Square
c.
CRD
d.
None of above
979. In case of two sources
of variation, which experimental design is suitable:
a.
CRD
b.
RCBD
c.
Latin Square
d.
ANOVA
980. In order to decrease
standard error
a.
Number of treatment should be increased
b.
Size of experimental blocks should be
increased
c.
Number of people taking observation to
be increased
d.
Replication numbers should be increased
981. Tetrazolium chloride
test is used for
a.
Estimation of chlorine in leaves
b.
Detection of nitrogen content
c.
Viability of seeds
d.
None of above
982. In Pakistan consumption
of fruits and vegetables
a.
Is equal ratio
b.
Fruit is more
c.
Vegetables is more
d.
According to WHO standard
983. High temperature before
harvest in plums causes ________
a.
Die back
b.
Kelsey spot
c.
Powdery mildew
d.
Sun burn
984. Green bananas are
injured when exposed to a temperature below _____ oF:
a.
40
b.
50
c.
60
d.
70
985. Ammonia is converted
into ________ by bacteria during first step:
a.
Nitrites
b.
Nitrides
c.
Nitrates
d.
N
986. Maximum nitrogen
fixation per acre is __________ lbs annually :
a.
250
b.
75
c.
150
d.
125
987. Cuttings with ________
show more success of rooting :
a.
Leaves
b.
Opening buds
c.
Slanting cut
d.
Round cut
988. _________ removes the
inhibiting substances and the organs producing them.
a.
Topping
b.
Disbudding
c.
Pinching
d.
Girdling
989. __________ is produced
in the meso and endocarp of sound ripe apples :
a.
Ethylene
b.
Guaneine
c.
ABA
d.
IBA
990. Tops of peach budded on
Marianna plum suddenly fail
because of ______ breakdown:
a.
Bud union
b.
Phloem tissue
c.
Cambial contact
d.
Lack of callus formation
991. Growth substances are
translocated both up and
down in the stem chiefly in the _______ :
a.
Phloem
b.
Xylem
c.
Cortex
d.
Pith
992. More fruits spur
formation is observed in apple due
to ________ pruning :
a.
Light
b.
Moderate
c.
Heavy
d.
No pruning
993. Light summer pruning
helps in proper _____________:
a.
Coloration
b.
Development
c.
Maturity
d.
Quality
994. Tree growth becomes more
compact as a result of
_________:
a.
Thinning out
b.
Heading back
c.
Fine pruning
d.
No pruning
995. Green leaves of plants
are able to ________all the vitamins
that they can use :
a.
Synthesize
b.
Reduce
c.
Uptake
d.
Store
996. Soil particles carry
_________ charge:
a.
Negative
b.
Positive
c.
No charge
d.
Positive + Negative
997. Citrus canker is a:
a.
Fungal disease
b.
Bacterial disease
c.
Nutrient deficiency
d.
Presence of pebbles in soil
998. Soil
solution becomes _________ under
dry conditions:
- Dilute
- Very
dilute
- Concentrated
d.
Very
concentrated
999. Nitrogen
is absorbed in form of ____________:
- Nitride
- Nitrite
- Nitrate
- NH4
1000. Many
non essential elements are toxic
to plants in ________ amounts:
- Very low
- Low
- High
- Very high
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